Instrumental, vokativ, mapa
S kahvom puts the with job on coffee, so the ending is om, not the want-it u.
G.5aBosnian coffee set, Baščaršija
Why you are here
Today you add with and calling as the last thing-word jobs, then you hang one map for the little words that pick those jobs. S kahvom means with coffee, and Emire is how you call Emir across the café. English hangs with in front and uses a bare name to shout. Bosnian dresses both, then gives you one chart that points each English habit at a job you already learned.
Why English lies
English lies because with coffee and hey Emir keep coffee and Emir almost still. You add with, or you just raise your voice. Bosnian moves the ending again. Kahva becomes kahvom after s, and Emir becomes Emire when you call him. Schools call those jobs instrumental and vokativ. You can keep saying with and calling. The map at the end is not a new pile. It is a street index for the jobs from Chapters 2 through 5.
A line you already say
Book 1 already called Emir by name with Emire, koliko je sati, which means Emir, what time is it? That e on Emire is today’s calling mark on a he-pile person. The new twin is with. Amira can say Dolazim s kahvom, which means I am coming with coffee, when the cup travels with her. Kahvom is still she. It is not kahvu and not kahve.
The pattern
She-pile words swap that final a for om in the with job. Kahva becomes kahvom, and kuća becomes kućom. He-pile words usually take om too, so most becomes mostom and Emir becomes Emirom. Leftover words usually take om or em, so pivo becomes pivom and more becomes morem. Put s or sa in front when English says with. The calling job is smaller than the with job. Emir becomes Emire, Ana often becomes Ano, and Amira often becomes Amiro. Learn s kahvom and Emire first. Then read the map so each little word points at the right older job.
| Pile | List form | With |
|---|---|---|
| she (ona) | kahva, kuća | kahvom, kućom |
| he (on) | most, Emir | mostom, Emirom |
| leftover (ono) | pivo, more | pivom, morem |
Friends raise glasses with company, the same with job you hear in s Emirom and s Anom.
The pests
Three pests will trip you today. The first is S kahvu, which grabs the want-it form after with when the line needs kahvom. The second is calling Emir while leaving him as Emir in a shout across the room, when the calling form is Emire. The third pest is treating the map as seven new endings to memorize today. The map only points you back. U plus into still means the want-it job, nema still means the of job, and s still means the with job. Read the pointer and reuse the outfit you already own.
The bit that tricks you
The trap is to invent a fresh ending every time you see a preposition. Prepositions are pickers, and they do not invent a parallel language. S picks with, iz picks from, and u picks into or in, while the next ending tells you which. The other trap is to mix calling with to. Emire is for calling him, and Emiru is for giving to him. If you hand coffee to Emire, you used the shout form in the give line.
| English habit | Little word tip | Job you already have |
|---|---|---|
| name it | (none) | name-it list form |
| want it / into | u + motion | want-it |
| of / from / none | iz, od, nema | of / from / none |
| to / in / on / about | give-to, u, na, o | to / at / about |
| with | s / sa | with |
| calling | (hey) | calling |
The preposition map only points. Each little word sends you back to a job you already own.
Sample words
Tap a word to hear it.
Look at these
Each line has a speaker. Tap the line to hear it. On some lines you can record yourself for a short Speak Check.
Speak Check listens to your recording and sends back short tips.
Speak Check listens to your recording and sends back short tips.
Speak Check listens to your recording and sends back short tips.
Try these
Ana is coming with coffee. Which form after s?
You need to call Emir across the room. Which form?
Emir is going with Ana. Which form?
Ana goes by car. Which form?
Someone says S kahvu. What went wrong?
You hand coffee to Emir while calling him Emire. What went wrong?
On the map, nema points to which job?
On the map, u plus motion into points to which job?
Emir is sitting with beer. Which form?
You call Amira across the cafe. Which form?
Quick check
1. S kahvom uses which job?
2. Emire, koliko je sati? Why Emire?
3. Idem s Emirom versus Emire. What is the difference?
4. What does the preposition map do?
5. Why is Idem autom correct?
6. Calling Ana across the café. Which form?
Next
You now have with and calling, and one map that points iz, nema, u, na, o, and s at the jobs from Chapters 2 to 5. Coffee still lives in the she pile. The outfits are the only news. Chapter 6 is matching words like my that have to ride with kahva when the job changes. The notebook moves from endings on the noun to endings on the words that stick to it.
